英語の学習3日目

9時起きぐらいと最近少し遅くなってしまいましたが、リズムは何とか自然に保てているので良しとします。

さて、時制も今日で最後。

I've once learned English by “ALL IN ONE”, but stopped it soon. And now I've been learning it again since early this week. I'll have learned whole it within about two months. I want to check my ability that had been polished here by TOEIC.

無理やり昨日習った順に時制を変えてみました。「英語を学習する」を色々と時制を変えて覚えるといいような気がしています。

＜過去完了形の完了用法＞
先日の⑦とほぼ同じで、最初の文章の方が、後の文章より先に完了していたケースです。

①As the millionaire hadn't drawn up his will, Daniel, his stepson and only heir, inherited his entire estate upon his sudden death.

＜過去完了形の大過去用法＞
別の出来事がどちらがより過去なのかを明確にする場合に用いる。

②A newspaper editorial implied that the tragic catastrophe had been caused by the workers who had paid little heed to safety procedures.

＜過去形で済ませる場合＞
複数の出来事の動詞があっても順番に旧→新で並べて用いる場合は過去形。またより過去なことが明確な場合は過去形で済ます口語表現が好まれる。

③The crops were doing badly, so the initial outlook was dismal. However, as it turned out, the actual grain harvest surpassed the bleak forecast.




Chapter 2:文型

いよいよ新しい章へ。SV, SVO, SVOC, SVOOなんて習いましたよね。



＜Ｓ（主語）Ｖ（動詞）とＳ（主語）Ｖ（動詞）Ｏ（目的語）＞
自動詞は「何を」がなくても完結する。他動詞は「何を」が必要。「何を」を主語にして受動態にできるのは他動詞のみ。自動詞は受動態にできない。自動詞は前置詞を置いて他動詞と同じようにな使うことができる⑤⑥⑦。

例：rise 上がる（自動詞）、raise 上げる（他動詞）

④As of April 1st, postal rates will rise by 5%. On April 2nd, subway fares will be raised by 10%. Starting April 3rd, my allowance will be reduced by half.

⑤I'm hoping for a pay raise. I recently got a master's degree in business administration. It's a qualification that entitles you to a higher salary.

⑥The visitors were due to arrive at the airport in less than two hours, but their plane was delayed due to a suspected bomb in the baggage compartment.

⑦“I'd like to talk to you in person. Are you available on Monday?”“Let me check-Monday isn't convenient for me. Any day except Monday will do.”



⑤のentitle は「誰に」というyouは目的語にできる特殊な語なので後回しにしましょう。だんだんとセンテンスを忘れてきたので、7文ずつがつらくなりそうです。